Anorectal Care

Anal Warts

What are anal warts?
Anal warts are growths found around the anus, in the anal canal, or in the lower rectum.

What causes anal warts?
Anal warts are caused by the human papilloma virus, which is usually transmitted through sexual contact but not always through anal intercourse. These may also occur on the penis, scrotum, vagina or labia. It usually takes one to six months, but sometimes longer, for the warts to appear after being exposed to the virus. There are many types of human papilloma virus—some cause warts on the hands and feet while other types cause genital and anal warts.

What are the symptoms of anal warts?
There are often no symptoms at all. Sometimes there may be small growths in the anal area or minor itching, bleeding, or moisture in the anal area.

How are anal warts diagnosed?
Your doctor will inspect the skin around the anus and check the anal canal in order to make a diagnosis.

How are anal warts treated?
It depends on the location, number, and size of the warts. Small warts can be treated with podophyllin or bichloracetic acid, applied directly to the warts to exfoliate them for a few minutes. Another way is through cauterization, where the area is numbed with local anesthesia before the warts are burned off.  If there are many warts, you may need to surgically remove them.

Will a single treatment cure anal warts?
No, a single treatment usually does not cure anal warts. The virus may stay and cause new anal warts to form even if none are visible, so it's important to do close follow-ups for up to six months. Small warts that reappear can easily be treated in the office. If the new warts are not treated, there could be serious problems, such as the warts becoming cancerous.

How can the spread of anal warts be prevented?
Here are some ways to prevent the virus from spreading:

1. Sexual partners should be checked.
2. Refrain from sexual activity until treatment is completed.
3. Use condoms.